Key Points

• Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the two most common types of skin cancer in the United States. 
• Both are caused primarily by UV exposure and are most often found on sun-exposed areas of the body. 
• Basal cell carcinoma grows slowly and rarely spreads, while squamous cell carcinoma carries a slightly higher risk of spreading if left untreated. 
• Both types are highly treatable when caught early. 
• Legacy Dermatology in Algonquin, IL offers expert diagnosis and treatment for both, including Mohs micrographic surgery. 

When most people think about skin cancer, melanoma is usually the first thing that comes to mind. And while melanoma is absolutely serious, it is actually not the most common type of skin cancer. That distinction belongs to basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, two non-melanoma skin cancers that together account for the vast majority of skin cancer diagnoses every year. 

So what is the difference between the two? And what does it mean for you if your dermatologist finds one? Let's break it down in plain English.

A Quick Overview of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer

Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are both caused primarily by cumulative UV exposure over time. That means years of sun exposure, tanning bed use, or both can significantly raise your risk. They tend to appear on areas of the skin that get the most sun, like the face, ears, neck, scalp, shoulders, and hands. 

Unlike melanoma, these two types of skin cancer rarely spread to other parts of the body. That does not mean they should be ignored, though. Left untreated, both can grow larger, invade nearby tissue, and cause significant damage. Treatment is always the right call. 

Both are also covered in more detail on the skin cancer page at Legacy Dermatology if you want to read further. 

What Is Basal Cell Carcinoma? 

Basal cell carcinoma, often shortened to BCC, is the most common form of skin cancer. It originates in the basal cells, which are found in the deepest layer of the epidermis, the outermost layer of your skin. 

What Does Basal Cell Carcinoma Look Like? 

BCC can show up in a few different ways, which sometimes makes it easy to dismiss as something harmless. Common appearances include: 

• A pearly or waxy bump, often with visible blood vessels on the surface 
• A flat, flesh-colored or slightly pink scar-like lesion 
• A sore that bleeds, heals, and then comes back again 
• A pink growth with slightly raised edges and a crusted center 

BCC most commonly appears on the face, head, and neck, but it can develop anywhere on the body

How Fast Does Basal Cell Carcinoma Grow? 

Slowly. BCC is not an aggressive cancer in terms of speed or spread. It tends to grow gradually over months or years, and it very rarely metastasizes, meaning it does not typically travel to other organs or parts of the body. 

That said, slow growth does not mean harmless. If BCC is left untreated long enough, it can grow deep into the skin and damage underlying tissue, nerves, and even bone in some cases. Early treatment is always easier and more effective. 

Who Is at Risk for Basal Cell Carcinoma? 

Anyone can develop BCC, but risk factors include: 

• A history of significant sun exposure or sunburns 
• Fair skin, light eyes, or light hair 
• Personal or family history of skin cancer 
• A weakened immune system 
• Exposure to radiation or certain chemicals over time 

What Is Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Squamous cell carcinoma, or SCC, is the second most common type of skin cancer. It develops in the squamous cells, which make up the middle and outer layers of the skin. 

What Does Squamous Cell Carcinoma Look Like? 

SCC tends to look a little different from BCC. Common presentations include: 

• A firm, red nodule or bump 
• A flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface 
• A new sore or raised area on an old scar 
• A rough, scaly patch on the lip 
• A wart-like growth that may bleed or crust over 

Like BCC, SCC most often appears on sun-exposed areas, but it can also develop on the lips, inside the mouth, on the genitals, or in other areas that are not typically exposed to sunlight. 

Is Squamous Cell Carcinoma More Dangerous Than Basal Cell Carcinoma? 

In most cases, SCC is still very treatable, especially when caught early. However, it does carry a slightly higher risk of spreading compared to BCC. If SCC is left untreated and allowed to grow, there is a greater chance it can reach the lymph nodes or spread to other parts of the body. 

This makes early detection even more important with SCC. The sooner it is identified and treated, the better the outcome. 

What Is Actinic Keratosis and How Does It Relate?

Actinic keratosis is worth mentioning here because it is directly connected to SCC. These rough, scaly patches develop from years of sun damage and are considered precancerous. If actinic keratosis is left untreated, it can eventually develop into squamous cell carcinoma. 

Think of actinic keratosis as an early warning sign. Treating it before it progresses is one of the most effective ways to prevent SCC from developing in the first place. Regular skin checks are the best way to catch actinic keratosis early. 

Basal Cell vs. Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Side by Side 

Here is a simple comparison to help keep things straight: 

Origin: BCC starts in the basal cells at the base of the epidermis. SCC starts in the squamous cells in the middle and outer layers of skin. 

Appearance: BCC often looks pearly, waxy, or scar-like. SCC tends to look red, firm, scaly, or wart-like. 

Growth speed: BCC grows slowly. SCC can grow more quickly. 

Risk of spreading: BCC rarely spreads. SCC has a slightly higher risk of spreading if untreated. 

Most common locations: Both appear most often on sun-exposed areas like the face, ears, neck, and hands. 

Treatability: Both are highly treatable when caught early. 

How Are Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnosed? 

If your dermatologist spots something suspicious during a skin exam, the next step is typically a biopsy. A small sample of skin tissue is removed from the area and sent to a lab, where it is examined under a microscope to determine whether cancer cells are present and what type they are. 

A biopsy is a quick, in-office procedure and is the only definitive way to diagnose skin cancer. If you have a spot that has been bothering you or a growth that does not seem to be going away, it is always worth getting it evaluated.

Treatment Options at Legacy Dermatology 

The good news is that both basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma respond well to treatment, particularly when they are caught at an early stage. At Legacy Dermatology, Dr. Bradley offers several treatment approaches depending on the type, size, and location of the cancer. 

Mohs Micrographic Surgery 

Mohs micrographic surgery is the gold standard for treating both BCC and SCC, particularly on the face and other cosmetically sensitive areas. During Mohs surgery, the dermatologist removes thin layers of skin one at a time, examining each layer under a microscope until no cancer cells remain. This approach offers the highest cure rate available while preserving as much healthy surrounding tissue as possible. 

Excision 

For some cases, a surgical excision may be appropriate. This involves surgically removing the cancerous growth along with a small margin of healthy skin around it. 

Cryotherapy 

Cryotherapy uses extreme cold to destroy abnormal or cancerous tissue. It is often used for smaller, superficial lesions or for treating precancerous conditions like actinic keratosis. 

Your dermatologist will recommend the most appropriate treatment based on the specifics of your case. No two situations are exactly the same, and treatment plans are tailored accordingly

Prevention and Early Detection 

The best defense against both BCC and SCC is a combination of sun protection habits and regular professional skin exams. A few practical steps that make a real difference: 

• Wear broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher sunscreen every day, even when it is cloudy 
• Reapply sunscreen every two hours when you are outdoors 
• Wear protective clothing, wide-brimmed hats, and UV-blocking sunglasses 
• Avoid tanning beds entirely 
• Stay in the shade during peak UV hours, typically between 10 AM and 4 PM 
• Schedule annual skin checks with a board-certified dermatologist 

Routine skin checks are one of the most effective tools available for catching both BCC and SCC before they become a bigger problem. If it has been more than a year since your last full-body skin exam, that is a good reason to book one. 

FAQs About Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Which is more common, basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma? Basal cell carcinoma is more common overall. It accounts for roughly 80 percent of all non-melanoma skin cancer diagnoses. Squamous cell carcinoma makes up most of the remaining cases. 

Can basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma come back after treatment? Yes, both can recur, either at the original site or in a new location. That is why follow-up appointments and continued skin monitoring are so important even after successful treatment. 

Do basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas hurt? Not always, which is part of what makes them easy to overlook. Some lesions may itch, bleed, or feel tender, but many are painless in the early stages. Do not wait for discomfort before seeking evaluation. 

Can skin cancer develop on skin that is never in the sun? Yes. While sun-exposed areas are most commonly affected, both BCC and SCC can develop in areas that receive little to no direct sun exposure, including the soles of the feet and areas covered by clothing. 

What happens if basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma is left untreated? BCC can grow deeper into the skin over time, damaging tissue, nerves, and bone. SCC can spread to lymph nodes and other organs if it goes untreated long enough. Both become significantly harder to treat the longer they are left alone. 

Is there a difference in recovery time between treatments? Recovery varies depending on the treatment used and the size and location of the lesion. Your dermatologist will give you specific guidance based on your individual treatment plan. 

FAQs About Legacy Dermatology 

Does Legacy Dermatology treat both basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma? Yes. Dr. Bradley is trained to diagnose and treat both types of skin cancer, as well as melanoma and actinic keratosis. Treatment options include Mohs micrographic surgery, excision, cryotherapy, and more. 

Where is Legacy Dermatology located? Legacy Dermatology is located at 2230 Huntington Drive N, Unit C-1, Algonquin, IL 60102. 

How do I schedule an appointment? Call (847) 603-4146 or schedule online. The office is open Monday through Friday from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. 

Is Legacy Dermatology accepting new patients? Yes! New patients are always welcome. Visit the new patients page to get started before your first visit. 

What other skin conditions does Legacy Dermatology treat? Legacy Dermatology offers a full range of general, cosmetic, and surgical dermatology services. Browse everything available on the dermatology services page. 

Take the Next Step With Legacy Dermatology 

Whether you have a spot you want evaluated or you are simply overdue for a routine skin exam, Legacy Dermatology in Algonquin, IL is ready to help. Dr. Bradley brings board-certified expertise and a thorough, patient-focused approach to every appointment. 

Do not wait for a small problem to become a bigger one. Call (847) 603-4146 or book your appointment online today. 

Disclaimer: The information provided on this blog is for general informational purposes only and is not intended as, and should not be considered, medical advice. All information, content, and material available on this blog are for general informational purposes only. Readers are advised to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The author and the blog disclaim any liability for the decisions you make based on the information provided. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.